Xiliin Gol League literally translates to "river at plateau" in Mongolian. Located in the central part of Inner Mongolia autonomous region, Xiliin Gol League is the grassland region in China with the most complete range of grassland types and vegetation species. 

Covering a total area of 202,600 square kilometers, Xiliin Gol League governs 13 prefectures and one management area. Bordering Mongolia for 1,103 kilometers, it has two national first-class ports, Ereenhot and Zhuengadabuqi.    

Xiliin Gol League was the birthplace of Mongolian culture in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). In the middle of the 13th century, Kublai Khan, the first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, founded Xanadu or Shangdu (the upper capital) on the Jinlianchuan prairie of Xilin Gol, where the Mongolian cultural relics are completely preserved, including the site of Xanadu, the Beizi Temple and Hui Zong Monastery, which bears an inscription written by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). The site of Xanadu is listed as a world cultural heritage. 

With rich ethnic customs, Xiliin Gol League is known as the home of both Bokh, or Mongolian wrestling, and "long tune". In 1957, the Wulan Muqir Art Troupe was born here, which was praised as the Artistic Light Cavalry of the Grasslands by Zhou Enlai.    

There are abundant natural and mineral resources in Xilin Gol League. Covering a fourth of Inner Mongolia, Xiliin Gol has a grassland area of 17.41 million square kilometers and produces many heads of livestock annually. Among them, Ujimqin sheep and Sunite sheep are named after the country and seen as local fine livestock species. 

Xiliin Gol League is also rich in mineral resources. A total of 88 types of mineral reserves have been discovered. The coal resources are especially rich, with a proved reserve volume of 112.37 billion tons as of 2024. The reserve volume of brown coal in Xiliin Gol ranks at the top in China.