Hanma reserve sets model for cold-temperate ecological conservation
The Hanma Biosphere Reserve has achieved remarkable progress in resource conservation, scientific research, and community development over the past decade, becoming a leading example of cold-temperate ecological protection in China.
It was announced at the first ten-year evaluation conference of the reserve after field inspections and community consultations.
The reserve is located on the northern part of the western slope of the Greater Hinggan Mountains in North China's Inner Mongolia autonomous region and at the southern edge of the taiga, within the pan-Arctic zone. It was inscribed on UNESCO's World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2015, marking the start of its decade-long journey of ecological stewardship.
Over the past 10 years, the reserve has developed a three-tier management system of "headquarters–stations–sites", with patrols covering more than 12,000 kilometers.
Its comprehensive forest fire prevention and control system has maintained a record of zero human-caused fires. Forest coverage has increased from 88.4 percent to 94.8 percent, wetland area has expanded by 12.6 percent, and the moose population has grown from 168 to 285. Rare species such as wolves and red deer have reappeared, underscoring the strengthening ecological vitality of the region.
Technological innovation has played a vital role in conservation. Traditional manual monitoring has been replaced by infrared cameras, thermal-imaging drones, and a real-time "Woodpecker E-Patrol System".
The reserve has also partnered with research institutions to establish four scientific platforms, publishing over 90 papers and 16 academic monographs. A new project worth 17.92 million yuan ($2.51 million), launched this year, will further enhance intelligent management and monitoring capabilities.
Cultural and community collaboration has also flourished. With an investment of over 17 million yuan, the "Hanma Nature Education" program now welcomes more than 30,000 visitors annually and organizes over 60 "eco-classroom" sessions in local schools.
As the ancestral homeland of the Ewenki Aoluguya reindeer herding tribe, the reserve has signed co-management agreements with the local community, creating 37 public-benefit jobs and achieving a harmonious balance among ecological protection, cultural heritage, and community development.
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